In the last Heart Beats issue the “Ozempic (semaglutide) Craze” was reviewed. The initial scientific studies were looking for a medication to treat stomach ulcers and in doing so found out that one of the medications they were trying could help treat type 2 Diabetes. In the studies looking at the effect of Semaglutide on diabetes they also noted a significant weight loss especially in the diabetic patients. Semaglutide was found to not only affect the pancreas by causing the release of insulin but it also affected the small intestine, stomach and brain in controlling the appetite (feeling of hunger) and the feeling of “being full”(satiety). Thus the combined effect of semaglutide resulted in better blood sugar control and weight loss. So what is the relationship of this effect of Semaglutide on diabetes and weight to a healthy heart?
The first effect of Semaglutide on the heart is on the control of the blood sugar and the diabetes itself. It has been shown that diabetics who are able to control their blood sugar have a decreased risk of developing cardiac disease(heart attacks, coronary artery disease and heart failure). In addition the Semaglutide can also cause weight loss which decreases the strain on the heart and thus also decreases the risk of cardiac disease. Furthermore, it has already been established that weight loss will not only decrease the risk of heart disease but will also have a positive effect on blood pressure and cholesterol levels, both well known risk factors for heart disease.
There is also some evidence that Semaglutide may directly influence blood vessel function by helping reduce inflammation and improve circulation. This potentially would have an effect on limiting the “narrowing of the coronary(heart)arteries” and the risk of angina, heart attack and sudden death.
There are many ways in which Semaglutide can directly and indirectly affect heart disease. The landmark “SUSTAIN-6” trial (published in 2019) was the pivotal trial that demonstrated Semaglutide lowered the risk of major cardiac events-such as heart attack, stroke and death by 26%. Thus there is very good evidence that Semaglutide represents a significant breakthrough in the fight against heart disease by improving blood sugar control, encouraging weight loss, and offering heart protective benefits.
Semaglutide is not for everyone and you should discuss the risks and benefits of Semaglutide and semaglutide like medications with your primary health care provider. Remember that diet and exercise are still the two best ways to prevent cardiac disease.